Tiny blood vessels from the periosteum help to nourish the bone. The periosteum provides protection and also is involved in theįormation and repair of bone. Each epiphysis is joined to the diaphysis by an epiphysial (growth) plate of hyaline cartilage in immature bones or by an epiphysial line, a line of fusion, in mature bones.Įxcept for the region covered by articular cartilages, the entire bone is covered by the periosteum (per-e-os’-te-um), a dense irregular connective tissue membrane that is firmly attached to the underlying bone. The long shaft of bone that extends between the two epiphyses is the diaphysis (di-af’-e-sis). Its purpose is to protect and cushion the end of the bone, in addition to providing a smooth surface for movement of joints. The articular cartilage, which is composed of hyaline cartilage, covers the articular surface of each epiphysis. The epiphyses (plural) articulate with adjacent bones to form joints. Refer to as you study the following section.Īt each end of the bone, there is an enlarged portion called an epiphysis (e-pif’-e-sis). For additional information visit Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus.The femur, the bone of the thigh, will be used as an example in considering the structure of a long bone. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited without authorization. Links to other sites are provided for information only - they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M.
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